Methylamine(CAS#74-89-5)
Ngozi ndi Chitetezo
| Zizindikiro Zowopsa | R12 - Yoyaka Kwambiri R20 - Zowopsa pokoka mpweya R37/38 - Zokwiyitsa dongosolo la kupuma ndi khungu. R41 - Kuopsa kwa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa maso R34 - Imayambitsa kuyaka R20/22 - Zowopsa pokoka mpweya komanso ngati zitamezedwa. R11 - Yoyaka Kwambiri R39/23/24/25 - R36/37/38 - Zokwiyitsa maso, kupuma komanso khungu. R23/24/25 – Poizoni pokoka mpweya, kukhudzana ndi khungu komanso kummeza. R40 - Umboni wochepa wa zotsatira za carcinogenic R19 - Itha kupanga ma peroxides ophulika |
| Kufotokozera Zachitetezo | S7 - Sungani chidebe chotsekedwa mwamphamvu. S16 - Khalani kutali ndi magwero oyatsira. S26 - Mukakhudza maso, yambani nthawi yomweyo ndi madzi ambiri ndikupempha uphungu wachipatala. S36/37 - Valani zovala zoyenera zodzitchinjiriza ndi magolovesi. S45 - Pakachitika ngozi kapena ngati simukumva bwino, funsani upangiri wachipatala nthawi yomweyo (onetsani chizindikirocho ngati kuli kotheka.) S29 - Osakhuthula mu ngalande. S36/37/39 - Valani zovala zodzitchinjiriza zoyenera, magolovesi ndi chitetezo chamaso / kumaso. S3/7 - S3 - Sungani pamalo ozizira. S39 - Valani chitetezo chamaso / kumaso. S33 - Tengani njira zodzitchinjiriza motsutsana ndi kutulutsa kosasunthika. |
| Ma ID a UN | UN 3286 3/PG 2 |
| WGK Germany | 2 |
| Mtengo wa RTECS | PF6300000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 4.5-31 |
| TSCA | Inde |
| HS kodi | 29211100 |
| Kalasi Yowopsa | 3 |
| Packing Group | II |
| Poizoni | LD50 pamlomo makoswe: 100-200 mg / kg (Kinney); LC50 mu makoswe: 0.448 ml/l (Sarkar, Sastry) |
Zambiri
| organic mankhwala zopangira | methylamine, amatchedwanso methylamine ndi aminomethane, ndi zofunika organic mankhwala zopangira ndi intermediates, pa firiji ndi mpweya kuthamanga kwa mpweya colorless loyaka, mkulu ndende kapena psinjika liquefaction, ndi amphamvu fungo ammonia. Fungo la nsomba pamalo otsika kwambiri. Kusungunuka m'madzi, kusungunuka mu ethanol, ether. Zosavuta kuwotcha, pangani chisakanizo chophulika ndi mpweya, malire ophulika: 4.3% ~ 21%. Pali zofooka zamchere, zamchere kuposa ammonia, ndi asidi osakhazikika kuti apange mchere wosungunuka m'madzi. Amapangidwa kuchokera ku methanol ndi ammonia pansi pa kutentha kwakukulu ndi kuthamanga kwambiri ndi chothandizira, ndipo akhoza kukonzedwanso ndi kutentha kwa formaldehyde ndi ammonium chloride mpaka 300 ℃ pansi pa zinc chloride. Methylamine angagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga mankhwala ophera tizilombo, mankhwala, mphira vulcanization accelerators, utoto, zophulika, zikopa, mafuta, surfactants, ion kuwombola utomoni, strippers utoto, zokutira ndi zina. Ndikofunikira kwambiri popanga mankhwala ophera tizilombo Dimethoate, carbaryl ndi chlordimeform. Methylamine inhalation kawopsedwe ndi otsika kawopsedwe kalasi, pazipita kololeka ndende mu mlengalenga 5mg/m3 (0.4ppm). Zowononga, zokhumudwitsa m'maso, pakhungu ndi mucous nembanemba. Pakakhala lawi lotseguka, pamakhala chiwopsezo cha kuyaka chifukwa cha kutentha kwakukulu, ndipo kuwonongeka kwa masilindala ndi zowonjezera kungayambitse kuphulika. |
| Thandizo loyamba la poizoni | methylamine ndi gulu lapoizoni wapakatikati lomwe limakwiya kwambiri komanso limawononga. Mu kupanga ndi pa zoyendera, chifukwa kutayikira mwangozi, adzachititsa kukhudzana pachimake poizoni. Mankhwalawa amatha kutulutsidwa kudzera m'njira yopuma, yankho likhoza kulowetsedwa pakhungu, ndipo mcherewo ukhoza kukhala poizoni mwangozi mwangozi. Izi mankhwala ali amphamvu zolimbikitsa kwambiri maso, chapamwamba kupuma thirakiti, khungu ndi mucosa. Kukoka mpweya wambiri kumatha kuwononga mapapu. Zovuta kwambiri zimatha kuyambitsa edema ya m'mapapo, kupuma movutikira komanso kufa. Komabe, palibe milandu yokhudza poizoni ya systemic yomwe idanenedwa kunyumba ndi kunja. Mankhwala a methylamine amakhala ndi mkwiyo komanso dzimbiri, amatha kuyambitsa kutentha kwa maso ndi khungu. 40% methylamine aqueous solution ingayambitse kupweteka kwa maso, photophobia, misozi, Conjunctival Congestion, kutupa kwa diso, cornea edema ndi zilonda zam'mimba, zizindikiro zimatha kwa masabata 1 mpaka 2. Kuwonetsa kwanthawi yayitali kuzinthu zochepa za mankhwala a methylamine, kumatha kumva maso owuma, mphuno, mmero komanso kusapeza bwino. [njira zothandizira] khungu likakhudza, vulani zovala zowonongeka nthawi yomweyo ndikutsuka bwino ndi madzi ambiri oyenda, 0,5% citric acid imatsuka khungu, mucous nembanemba ndi gargles. pamene maso ali oipitsidwa, zikope ziyenera kukwezedwa, kutsukidwa ndi madzi othamanga kapena saline kwa mphindi zosachepera 15, ndiyeno kufufuzidwa ndi madontho a fluorescein. Ngati pali kuvulala kwa cornea, muyenera kufunsa dokotala wa ophthalmologist. kwa iwo omwe adakoka mpweya wa monomethylamine, ayenera kuchoka mwamsanga pamalopo ndikupita kumalo okhala ndi mpweya wabwino kuti asunge mpweya wopuma. Dyspnea odwala ayenera kupatsidwa mpweya mpweya, pambuyo mankhwala, wodwalayo anatumizidwa ku chipatala kuchipatala mwadzidzidzi. |
| cholinga | amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zopangira organic zopangira mankhwala ophera tizilombo, mankhwala, nsalu ndi mafakitale ena, amagwiritsidwanso ntchito muzophulika zamadzi. amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zosungunulira ndi refrigerant amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zopangira organic zopangira, zomwe zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu mankhwala ophera tizilombo, mankhwala, nsalu ndi mafakitale ena. amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati surfactant, polymerization inhibitors ndi solvents, amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu organic synthesis ndi kusindikiza ndi utoto. chifukwa kaphatikizidwe wa imayenera mankhwala, mankhwala, utoto, zonunkhira, etc., ndi electrolysis, electroplating monomethylamine ndi yofunika aliphatic amine organic mankhwala zopangira, amene chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala, ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito synthesize N- methyl chloroacetamide, yomwe ndi yapakatikati ya organophosphorus tizilombo dimethoate ndi omethoate; monocrotophos wapakatikati α-chloroacetylmethanamine; Carbamoyl chloride ndi methyl isocyanate monga intermediates wa carbamate tizilombo; Komanso mitundu ina ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo monga monoformamidine, Amitraz, benzenesulfonon, etc. Kuphatikiza apo, imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pamankhwala, labala, utoto, mafakitale achikopa ndi zinthu zowoneka bwino. methylamine ili ndi ntchito zambiri zamafakitale. Methylamine angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mankhwala (kutsegula, caffeine, ephedrine, etc.), mankhwala (carbaryl, dimethoate, chloramidine, etc.), utoto (alizarin wapakatikati, anthraquinone wapakatikati, etc.), kuphulika ndi mafuta (madzi gel osakaniza kuphulika, monomethhydrazine , etc.), ma surfactants, ma accelerator, ndi zipangizo monga zothandizira labala, zithunzi mankhwala ndi solvents. Wapakatikati pakupanga agrochemicals ndi mankhwala opangira N-methylpyrrolidone (solvent). |
| njira yopanga | m'mafakitale, methylamine ndi apanga kuchokera methanol ndi ammonia pa kutentha kwambiri kudzera Converter amene nthawi zina zida ndi adamulowetsa alumina chothandizira, Komabe, methylation anachita sasiya pa monomethylamine siteji, motero kuchititsa osakaniza monomethylamine, dimethylamine ndi trimethylamine. Kulamulira chiŵerengero cha methanol ndi ammonia, ammonia owonjezera, ndi kuwonjezera madzi ndi kufalitsidwa kwa trimethylamine ndi yabwino mapangidwe methylamine ndi dimethylamine, pamene kuchuluka kwa ammonia ndi 2.5 nthawi methanol, zimene kutentha ndi 425 deg C, pamene anachita. Kupanikizika ndi 2.45MPa, amine wosakanikirana wa 10-12% wa monomethylamine, 8-9% a dimethylamine ndi 11-13% ya trimethylamine angapezeke. Popeza trimethylamine imapanga azeotrope okhala ndi ammonia ndi ma methylamines pamphamvu ya mumlengalenga, zomwe zimapangidwira zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kuphatikiza kwa distillation ndi kutulutsa kowonjezera. Kutengera kupanga 1t methylamine yosakanikirana, 1500kg ya methanol ndi 500kg ya ammonia yamadzi amadyedwa. Malinga ndi malipoti oyenera mabuku, kusintha chiŵerengero cha methanol ndi ammonia ndi njira yabwino kupeza mankhwala ankafuna, methanol ndi ammonia chiŵerengero cha 1:1.5 ndi zinthu zabwino mapangidwe trimethylamine, methanol ndi ammonia chiŵerengero cha 1: 4 ndi. zinthu zabwino kwambiri zopangira methylamine. Pali njira zambiri zopangira monomethylamine, koma methanol amination imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani. CH3OH + NH3 → CH3NH2 + H2O2CH3OH + NH3 →(CH3)2NH + 2H2O3CH3OH + NH3 →(CH3)3N + 3H2O kuchokera ku methanol ndi ammonia pa chiŵerengero cha 1: 1.5~4, pansi pa kutentha kwakukulu ndi kutentha kosalekeza, mpweya catalytic amination reaction ikuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito adamulowetsa alumina monga chothandizira, Zosakaniza zosakanizika za mono-, di-ndi trimethylamine zimapangidwa, kenako zimalekanitsidwa ndi kupanikizika kosalekeza kwa distillation kudzera muzazambiri za distillation, zokongoletsedwa ndi zotsekemera komanso zopanda madzi kuti zipeze mankhwala a mono-, di-ndi trimethylamine motsatana. . |
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